Salmonella yog ib pawg ntawm gram-negative enterobacteria hauv tsev neeg Enterobacteriaceae.Xyoo 1880, Eberth thawj zaug pom Salmonella typhi.Xyoo 1885, Salmon cais Salmonella cholera hauv npua.Xyoo 1988, Gartner cais Salmonella enteritidis los ntawm cov neeg mob uas mob plab hnyuv.Thiab xyoo 1900, chav kawm tau hu ua Salmonella.
Tam sim no, Salmonella lom tshwm sim tau raug faib thoob ntiaj teb thiab qhov xwm txheej tau nce zuj zus txhua xyoo.
Cov yam ntxwv pathogenic
Salmonella yog cov kab mob Gram-negative nrog luv luv, lub cev loj (0.6 ~ 0.9) μm × (1 ~ 3) μm, ob qho tib si xaus bluntly rounded, uas tsis tsim pods thiab budding spores.Nrog flagella, Salmonella yog motile.
Cov kab mob tsis muaj kev xav tau ntau rau kev noj haus, thiab kab lis kev cai cais feem ntau siv cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv xaiv qhov nruab nrab.
Nyob rau hauv lub broth, qhov nruab nrab yuav turbid thiab ces precipitates nyob rau hauv lub agar nruab nrab tom qab 24h incubation los tsim smooth, me ntsis elevated, puag ncig, translucent grey-dawb me me colonies.Saib daim duab 1-1 thiab 1-2.
Daim duab 1-1 Salmonella nyob rau hauv lub microscope tom qab Gram staining
Daim duab 2-3 Colony morphology ntawm Salmonella ntawm chromogenic nruab nrab
Epidemiological nta
Salmonella yog dav faib nyob rau hauv cov xwm, tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu xws li npua, nyuj, nees, yaj, qaib, ducks, geese, thiab lwm yam yog nws hosts.
Ob peb Salmonella muaj cov neeg xaiv, xws li Salmonella abortus hauv nees, Salmonella abortus hauv nyuj, thiab Salmonella abortus hauv yaj ua rau rho menyuam hauv nees, nyuj, thiab yaj raws li;Salmonella typhimurium tsuas yog tua npua;Lwm tus Salmonella tsis xav tau tus tswv nruab nrab, thiab kis tau yooj yim ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu, tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg, thiab tib neeg los ntawm txoj kev ncaj lossis tsis ncaj.
Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib kis ntawm Salmonella yog lub plab zom mov, thiab qe, nqaij qaib, thiab cov khoom noj nqaij yog cov kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm salmonellosis.
Tus kab mob Salmonella hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu tuaj yeem ua rau asymptomatic nrog cov kab mob lossis tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li tus kab mob tuag nrog cov tsos mob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub xeev tus kab mob hnyav zuj zus, nce tus nqi ntawm kev tuag lossis txo qis kev loj hlob ntawm tus tsiaj.
Cov kab mob ntawm Salmonella feem ntau yog nyob ntawm hom Salmonella thiab lub cev ntawm tus neeg siv nws.Salmonella cholera yog cov kab mob tshaj plaws hauv npua, ua raws li Salmonella typhimurium, thiab Salmonella duck yog cov kab mob tsawg dua;Qhov kev hem thawj tshaj plaws yog cov menyuam yaus, cov neeg laus, thiab cov neeg tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab txawm tias tsawg dua los yog tsawg dua cov kab mob pathogenic tseem tuaj yeem ua rau zaub mov lom thiab cov tsos mob hnyav dua.
Kev phom sij
Salmonella yog cov kab mob zoonotic tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv tsev neeg Enterobacteriaceae thiab muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob zaub mov lom.
Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Kab Mob thiab Tiv Thaiv tau tshaj tawm tias Salmonella yog lub luag haujlwm rau 33 ntawm 84 cov kab mob ua rau cov khoom noj lom uas tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Meskas thaum xyoo 1973, suav txog cov khoom noj lom ntau tshaj plaws nrog rau 2,045 cov tshuaj lom.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm xyoo 2018 ntawm cov qauv thiab cov peev txheej ntawm zoonoses luam tawm los ntawm European Food Safety Authority thiab European Center for Disease Prevention and Control qhia tias ze li ntawm 1/3 ntawm cov kab mob noj zaub mov hauv EU yog tshwm sim los ntawm Salmonella thiab salmonellosis yog qhov thib ob. nquag tshaj tawm tib neeg kab mob plab hnyuv hauv EU (91,857 tus neeg mob qhia), tom qab campylobacteriosis (246,571 tus neeg).Salmonella zaub mov lom muaj ntau dua 40% ntawm cov kab mob zaub mov lom hauv qee lub tebchaws.
Ib qho xwm txheej loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb ntawm salmonella zaub mov lom tau tshwm sim xyoo 1953 thaum 7,717 tus neeg raug tshuaj lom thiab 90 tuag hauv Sweden los ntawm kev noj nqaij npuas uas muaj kab mob S. typhimurium.
Salmonella yog qhov txaus ntshai heev, thiab hauv lub neej txhua hnub yuav tiv thaiv tus kab mob thiab kis tau li cas?
1. Txhim kho kev noj zaub mov kom huv thiab tswj cov khoom xyaw.Tiv thaiv nqaij, qe, thiab mis nyuj kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob thaum lub sij hawm cia.Tsis txhob noj nqaij nyoos, ntses, thiab qe.Tsis txhob noj nqaij los ntawm cov nqaij qaib muaj mob lossis tuag los yog tsiaj txhu hauv tsev.
2.Txij thaum yoov, kab laum thiab nas yog tus neeg nruab nrab rau kev kis tus kab mob Salmonella.Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum ua txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm kev tua yoov, nas, thiab kab laum kom tsis txhob muaj zaub mov tsis huv.
3. Hloov kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo thiab kev ua neej nyob los txhim kho koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-03-2023